Champaign Christian DeWitt Edgar Livingston Logan Macon Mason McLean Menard Moultrie Piatt Sangamon Shelby Tazewell Vermilion Woodford Sangamon County Sangamon County was formed in 1821 out of Madison and Bond Counties and was named for the Sangamon River, which runs through it. The name of the river comes from a Pottawatomie word Sain-guee-mon meaning "where there is plenty to eat." Surprisingly, Springfield’s original name was Calhoun, after Senator John C. Calhoun of South Carolina. The land that Springfield now occupies was originally settled by trappers and traders who came to the Sangamon River in 1818. John Kelly built the settlement's first cabin in 1820 and its site is at the northwest corner of Second Street and Jefferson Street. In 1821, Calhoun became the county seat of Sangamon County; due to the fertile soil, and trading opportunities, settlers from Kentucky, Virginia, and as far as North Carolina came to the city. By 1832, Senator Calhoun had fallen out of the favor with the public and the town was renamed Springfield. By 1837, Springfield became the capital for the state of Illinois, moving it from Vandalia. The designation was largely due to the efforts of Abraham Lincoln and his fellow delegates; nicknamed the "Long Nine." The Civil War brought mixed blessings to Springfield. The war took men to fight, but returned many economic benefits in the form of new industries and businesses. The growing railroads made Springfield an important link in the state railway system. By 1900, coal mining was a major occupation along with politics and farming. The home of the only home Mr. Lincoln ever owned, as well as his three official law partnerships and last law office, Springfield is a treasure trove of Mr. Lincoln’s life and legacy. Among the over 30 Springfields in the United States, this city is certainly unique. Only Springfield, Illinois was the home of one of the most beloved historic figures in the world. As Mr. Lincoln’s Hometown, they host visitors from all over the United States and the world who come to experience the Lincoln tradition! By looking at the pictures below, you can get an idea of Springfield and Sangamon County in Lincoln’s time and as it stands today. Maybe you’ll find something unexpected when you go Looking for Lincoln in Springfield! Then
Now Following the route of Lincoln on the Eighth Judicial Circuit is easy, to learn more about the history of the courthouse in this county, just click here! You may also want to consider a stop by the following sites of interest! Lincoln Home National Historic Site Lincoln-Herndon Law Office Old State Capitol State Historic Site Lincoln Tomb Oak Ridge Cemetery Abraham Lincoln Presidential Library and Museum Illinois State Museum Lincoln Library Springfield Union Station Lincoln Depot Vachel Lindsay Home State Historic Site Lincoln Memorial Garden Elijah Iles House For more information on Sangamon County or the city of Springfield, please visit: http://www.visit-springfieldillinois.com |
Lincoln's home in downtown Springfield has proved irresistible to visitors since it first opened to the public in 1887. Constructed in 1839 and beautifully restored to its 1860 appearance, the 12-room, Greek Revival house was Abraham and Mary Lincoln's home for 17 years. Today, the Lincoln's home draws hundreds of thousands of visitors each year. Admission to tour the house is free, but tickets are issued on a first-come, first-served basis. Each tour is limited to no more than 17. Pick up a ticket inside the Lincoln Home Visitor Center to sign up for the 20-25 minute tour inside the house.
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The Lincoln-Herndon Law Offices are within the only remaining building in which Abraham Lincoln maintained a law office. The site consists of the surviving portion of a three-story brick commercial block constructed in 1840-41. Exterior details reflect the then-popular Greek Revival architectural style. Though designed as a commercial structure, portions of the building were rented for offices and other purposes. Lincoln practiced law in the building from 1843 to about 1852. During his 1847-1849 tenure as a United States Congressman, partner William H. Herndon (1818-1891) maintained the practice. In 1978 the building was listed on the National Register of Historic Places as a part of the Central Springfield Historic District. |
After viewing an orientation video, visitors receive a twenty-minute guided tour of the historic rooms. On Wednesdays during the summer months, a costumed interpreter portrays Lincoln’s law clerk. Exhibits in the visitor center provide information on Lincoln’s legal career and life on the Eighth Judicial Circuit. The building is fully accessible to persons with disabilities. The Tinsley Dry Goods Store gift shop is contiguous to the Lincoln-Herndon building.
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The Old State Capitol is a reconstruction of Illinois’ fifth statehouse, the first to be located in Springfield. The building served as the seat of state government and a center of Illinois political life from 1839 to 1876. During the dramatic years leading to the Civil War, the building had an important role in the political struggle between Stephen A. Douglas (1813-1861) and Abraham Lincoln (1809-1865). Lincoln visited the building frequently as both a lawyer and a politician, serving in the building during his last term in the Illinois House of Representatives and delivering the famous 1858 “House Divided” speech in Representatives Hall, and using the governor’s rooms as a headquarters during the 1860 presidential campaign. The building was the scene of the assassinated President’s final laying-in-state on May 3-4, 1865. |
Visitors to the Old State Capitol may take a 30-minute interpreter-conducted tour or view the rooms on their own. Also available are a 15-minute orientation video on the building’s history. The building is fully accessible to persons with disabilities.
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Dedicated in 1874, Lincoln Tomb is the final resting place of Abraham Lincoln, his wife Mary, and three of their four sons, Edward, William, and Thomas. The eldest son, Robert T. Lincoln, is buried in Arlington National Cemetery. Also on the site is the public receiving vault, constructed ca. 1860, the scene of funeral services for Abraham Lincoln on May 4, 1865. In 1960 the Tomb was designated a National Historic Landmark and was placed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1966.
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Springfield's Oak Ridge Cemetery is the second most visited cemetery in the United States, surpassed only by Arlington National Cemetery. This is for one reason: it contains the tomb of our most revered president, Abraham Lincoln.
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Abraham Lincoln Presidential Museum |
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Visit the Illinois State Museum on the south side of the State Capitol complex. Permanent and changing exhibits tell the story of Illinois’ land, life, people, and art. A completely new natural history hall, Changes: Dynamic Illinois Environments reveals the exciting changes in Illinois environments over the last 500 million years. Interactive elements, thrilling audio and video effects, life-sized dioramas and thousands of authentic fossils and specimens illustrate the processes that shaped and continue to transform Illinois’ diverse environments. Children can see, hear, and touch in A Place for Discovery. The Museum Store offers a unique shopping experience with a wide selection of high-quality crafts made by juried Illinois artisans, as well as educational toys, scientific games, books, and gifts.
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Nestled a short jaunt between the Abraham Lincoln Presidential Library and Museum and the Abraham Lincoln National Home Site, the Lincoln Library is the largest public library in Sangamon County. Maintaining a main branch in addition to a Southeast and a West Branch, this Library system offers not only fully up-to-date resources for research but is also home to the Sangamon County Historical Society and the Sangamon Valley Collection. This collection provides in-depth resources for the study of Springfield, Sangamon County and the eleven adjacent counties. The collection was established in 1970. Examples of items to be found here are: photographs, city and county directories, high school yearbooks, city and county documents, long-range planning reports and surveys, histories, and maps.
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Illinois Visitor Center
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“No one, not in my situation, can appreciate my feelings of sadness at this parting.” Bittersweet words spoken by President-elect Abraham Lincoln as he departed his beloved Springfield for an uncertain future in Washington, D.C.
Today, the Great Western Depot still stands welcoming visitors who want to learn more about the man who left Springfield behind to guide the nation through Civil War. The depot, owned and operated by The State Journal-Register, is located two blocks from Lincoln Home National Historic Site, and staffed daily by National Park Service rangers between May and August. The Depot contains restored waiting rooms (one for ladies and one for the luggage and tobacco-spitting men), exhibits of people and places dear to Lincoln, and a state-of-the-art video presentation recreating the 12-day journey to his inauguration. Make the Great Western Depot a stop on your journey through historic Springfield.
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This site is the birthplace and long-time home of poet (Nicholas) Vachel Lindsay. Lindsay was internationally known in the early-twentieth century for his unique poetry, the artwork he created to illustrate the poetry, and animated performances of his work. Two of his best-known volumes are The Congo (1914) and Collected Poems (1938).
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A nature center with five miles of wooded trails lead you on a journey through the Illinois landscape. Depending on the season you visit, you could discover springtime dogwoods in full bloom, colorful wildflowers of summer, burnished autumn leaves, or snow-covered maple trees bursting with sap. Located on the shores of Lake Springfield and designed by landscape architect, Jens Jensen.
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The Elijah Iles House was built about 1837 and is Springfield’s oldest house. There is evidence that it was designed by the same architect who designed the Old State Capitol. It is one of Illinois’ earliest residences in the Greek Revival style of architecture. Two of Springfield’s most famous citizens, Abraham Lincoln and poet Nicholas Vachel Lindsay, are known to have visited the house. Lincoln spent time in the house as a guest of Robert Irwin and he enjoyed many a card game in the front parlor. Because of the house’s impressive architecture and rich history, it was placed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1978.
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On April 10, 1821, the Sangamon County Commissioners entered into a contract with John
Kelley for $42.50 to build the first Sangamon County Courthouse. The specifics were
that the logs were to be 20 feet long, the house one story high, plank floor, a good
cabin roof, a door and a window cut out; the work to be completed by May 1st, of 1822.
The first proceeding was held there on June 4th and Kelley was paid $42.50 and $5.00
for "extras." |